By-the-weigh flow calibration
The reservoir tank alone could be 80 ft long, 10 ft deep, and 10 ft wide. A five-point calibration using this facility will cost approximately $5,000 and require a four-week turn around time.
These factors mean most test laboratories or manufacturing plants cannot support in-house flow calibration facilities. It also means flow equipment tends to be the least calibrated of any measurement systems.
Many flowmeters rely on having primary elements that have a specific size and/or shape to produce a signal proportional to flow. These include orifice plates, Venturis, flow nozzles, vortex meters, and turbine meters. The physical dimensions of these elements will not change unless the flowing material induces wear or the installation procedure distorts or damages the element.
An orifice plate, for example, can produce a changed differential pressure if the sharp upstream edge of the machined orifice rounds out due to flow-induced wear or nicked due to hard particles in the flow stream. It can also change if the installation or excessive flow causes bending of the plate.
If dimensional values have not changed from the initial calibration, then the period between actual flow type calibrations can be longer. The user should document the dimensional measurements that occur to support the claim that no changes have occurred. The balance of the flow measurement system still has to see a calibration on a periodic basis suitable for the type of equipment.
The differential pressure transducer used with an orifice plate, venturi, or flow nozzle should undergo calibration at least once a year. The electronics used with a vortex meter or turbine meter can be calibrated by inputting an electrical signal with the same wave shape and frequency as the signal produced by the bluff body vortex sensors or turbine blades detection sensor. The dimensional measurements, differential pressure measurements, and electrical simulation measurements must use equipment with traceable calibrations.
Flow calibration equipment is available for facilities that use a large number of flow transducers or are in the business of producing flow measurement equipment. These include provers for gas and liquid applications, gravimetric fluid-flow-calibration facilities, PVTt (Pressure, Volume, Temperature, time) gas calibrators, and reference flow calibrators.
Calibrator design ensures
The weigh tank-flow calibrator is essentially a bucket on a scale with a stopwatch to time the filling of the bucket. In practice, the bucket becomes a large tank with a highly accurate weighing system, and the stopwatch becomes a sensor based tinning system with a crystal-controlled clock.
The calibrator design ensures the flow is steady during the measurement period, and it maintains and measures constant temperature and pressure conditions. A data acquisition system carries out the control of the system and the measurement of test parameters.
The calibration system also incorporates large reservoir tanks, pumps, diverter valves, flow straighteners, and long, straight piping runs of various diameters. The diverter valve changes the normal flow path back to the reservoir to a flow path into the collection tank.
The flow path reverses after a specified time or after a specified quantity of fluid has accumulated in the weigh tank.
These types of calibrators are also known as gravimetric flow calibration systems. The term gravimetric refers to weight measurement determining the flow.
Metered Spray Systems - Product Review - HotShot - Brief Article
HotShot[TM] 2K delivery system uses compressed air to deliver paint and activator in a precise ratio. Two components are stored in separate, non-pressurized containers and are proportioned and delivered on demand. System A, the metered dispensing system, features pushbutton operation that dispenses an accurate measure of components into a gravity or siphon gun cupSystem B, the metered spraying system, mixes and sprays on demand
Why you should avoid reverse pressure ulcer staging
PRESSURE ULCER STAGING is an assessment system that classifies pressure ulcers based on depth of soft tissue damage. Not a comprehensive assessment system, it’s appropriate only to define the maximum anatomic depth of tissue damage after necrotic tissue has been removed and the ulcer bed is completely visible. (See Staging Pressure Ulcers.)
Because of a lack of better research-validated tools to measure pressure ulcer healing, some clinicians use pressure ulcer staging in reverse order to describe improvement in an ulcer; in fact, federal regulations require long-term-care facilities to use reverse staging. For example, as a deep ulcer heals and becomes more shallow, it would be described as progressing from Stage IV to Stage III, Stage II, and Stage IHowever, according to a position statement by the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP), reverse staging is flawed because it doesn’t accurately reflect what’s happening in a healing wound.
Why reverse staging is inaccurate
As a pressure ulcer heals, it becomes progressively more shallow, but lost muscle, subcutaneous fat, or dermis isn’t replaced before the wound reepithelializes. Instead, the ulcer fills with granulation (scar) tissue composed primarily of endothelial cells, fibroblasts, collagen, and extracellular matrix.
Because lost muscle and other structures aren’t restored during healing, a Stage IV pressure ulcer can’t become a Stage III, II, or I ulcer; it remains a Stage IV ulcer throughout healing. After healing is complete, it should be classified as a healed Stage IV ulcer, not a Stage 0 ulcer
How do I document a healing ulcer?
Although long-term-care facilities are mandated to use reverse staging, they’re also encouraged to document appropriate healing, using descriptive characteristics of the wound (such as depth, width, and presence of granulation tissue). If a pressure ulcer reopens at the same anatomic site, the ulcer resumes the original staging diagnosis (once a Stage IV, always a Stage IV).
Since 1996, the NPUAP has been developing and validating the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) tool, which documents pressure ulcer healing based on surface area, exudate, and type of wound tissue. The PUSH tool is being pilot tested for adoption by the U.S. Health Care Financing Administration Minimum Data Set Post Acute Care system
Tulsa-based Keystone, Tulsa-based eLynx sign agreement
An agreement has been signed for eLynx Technologies to provide remote well monitoring systems for Keystone Gas Corp. Tulsa-based eLynx will monitor 31 meter stations in the Drumright area for the Keystone Gas. Tulsa-based Keystone operates low-pressure and extremely low pressure natural gas gathering systems across the Cushing Field with extensions in Creek, Payne, Pawnee, Lincoln and Osage counties.
“The eLynx system balance report enables us to find volume discrepancies quickly, which ensure accurate measurement for our producer customers,” said Chris Knipp, measurement director for Keystone. “The versatility of the eLynx event notification system has made our company more efficient with increased compressor runtimes, decreased oxygen levelfluctuations and better flow measurement.”
Research Rheometer features modular design
VISCOANALYSER system comes with RheoExplorer v5 operational software; sample measuring system(s) for UV, pressure, and temperature; and air regulator and filter. System can be upgraded by addition of proprietary differential pressure normal force sensor for quantitative normal stress measurements. Modular rheometer has application in the food, paint, coatings, polymer, composites, asphalt, pharmaceutical and electronic materials industries
The NEW VISCOANALYSER Rheometer system from ATS RheoSystems is an efficient, easy-to-operate, research rheometer.
The VISCOANALYSER system was designed following a modular concept, and can be upgraded to meet a user’s expanding needs and requirements without any compromise in performance.
Designed for R&D and QC, the unit is delivered with all necessary components to begin measurements. RheoExplorer V5 operational software, sample measuring system(s), and an air regulator and filter come standard. Also included is a minimum of 2 days rheometer installation and commissioning.
In addition to a full range of measuring systems and rheometer accessories, which include UV, High Pressure, and Low and High Temperature, the VISCOANALYSER system can be upgraded by the addition of our patented Differential Pressure Normal Force Sensor for Quantitative Normal Stress Measurements.
As the user’s needs expand, the VISCOANLYSER system can expand proportionally.
This modular rheometer has wide application in the food, paint, coatings, polymer, composites, asphalt, pharmaceutical and electronic materials industries.
For more detailed information and specifications on the VISCOANALYSER Rheometer system, call ATS RheoSystems at 1-609-298-2522, email info@atsrheosystems.com or visit our website at www.atsrheosystems.com